![]() United States (1919) was one Supreme Court case from this time. The first Red Scare resulted in laws such as the Sedition Act of 1918 that suppressed many forms of speech. first outlined his clear and present danger test D ebs v. United States, in which Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. The first Red Scare resulted in many Supreme Court cases dealing with speechĬonvictions under the Espionage Act and the Sedition Act were upheld in several Supreme Court cases in 1919, including Schenck v. ![]() In both periods First Amendment rights providing for free expression and free association were endangered and put on trial. A second Red Scare came with a revival of anti-Communist feeling after World War II that lasted into the 1950s. The Sedition Act was the broadest with its criminalization of any disloyal language, whether printed or spoken, about the government of the United States. (The term "Red" came from the color of the flag used by Marxist and Communist groups.) Laws such as the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 criminalized many forms of speech. The first anti-Communist alarm, or Red Scare, in the United States occurred between 19, precipitated by the events of World War I and the Bolshevik revolution in Russia. (Cover of a propaganda comic book from 1947, image via Wikimedia Commons, public domain)
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